[DOWNLOAD] "If at First You Don't Succeed: Effects of Failure on General and Task-Specific Self-Efficacy and Performance." by North American Journal of Psychology # eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free

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eBook details

• Title: If at First You Don't Succeed: Effects of Failure on General and Task-Specific Self-Efficacy and Performance.
• Author : North American Journal of Psychology
• Release Date : January 01, 2006
• Genre: Education,Books,Professional & Technical,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 219 KB

Description

This study explored the impact that failing a specific cognitive task had on self-efficacy and future task performance. Participants were 60 university students (15 men, 45 women) ranging in age from 18 to 45. Failure was induced in the experimental group by requiring participants to attempt unsolvable anagrams. Participants completed anagrams both before and after the experimental manipulation, and changes in self-efficacy were measured pre and post manipulation by a general and task-specific self-efficacy scale. Results indicated that the occurrence of failure significantly decreased participants' task-specific self-efficacy and their subsequent task performance, relative to the control group. General self-efficacy was not affected by the failure manipulation. Theoretical implications for self-efficacy research and practical implications for overcoming the effects of failure are discussed. Buddha is believed to have said, "He is able who thinks he is able." This simple proverb reflects the power of belief in an individual's ability to affect the course of one's life. The idea that cognitions can control the pursuit and successful completion of goals and tasks is embodied in Bandura's social cognitive theory and is labeled as self-efficacy. Bandura (1977) defined self-efficacy as judgments of one's own capabilities to organize and execute courses of action required to a desired performance criterion. Efficacy expectations influence the amount of effort people will expend and how long they will persist in the face of obstacles and aversive experiences (e.g., failure).

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